I am a 1.5-generation Filipina who migrated to Australia in 1977 at the age of 17. As a migrant, I know the challenges of moving to a new country without friends and extended family. I have a PhD in history from the University of Michigan and am a professor of History at the University of New South Wales in Australia. I have written five books mostly on Filipino women’s history. My book on Filipino migration, which won the NSW Premier’s General History Prize (Australia) in 2022, analyses the migrant's heroic narrative—an account that resonates with my own migration story.
I wrote
The Filipino Migration Experience: Global Agents of Change
I recommend this book because it is a no-holds-barred narrative of what it is like to be a male agricultural laborer in 1920s racially segregated America.
It is a gritty tale of how a mostly male migrant population survived racial discrimination and economic hardship, living in the labor camps and working for a dollar a day. It shows how these men found ways to cope and acquire dignity even while experiencing loneliness since it was difficult to find brides (due to anti-miscegenation laws). From dressing up in $100 tailor-made suits and smoking cigars to paying ten cents a dance at taxi dance halls to gambling, prostitution, and labor activism, it tells the story of the first generation of migrant laborers in the United States.
America Is in the Heart is a semi-autobiographical novel from the celebrated author Carlos Bulosan. Beginning with the young Carlos' difficult childhood in the rural Philippines where he and his family face immense hardship, this gripping story follows the narrator's tumultuous journey in search of a better life in America. This is an eye-opening account of the injustices, abuse and discrimination faced by immigrants in post-Second World War America.
I recommend this book because it is a rare diary of a 12-14-year-old young girl living in the sugar plantations of Hawaii in the 1920s. As one of the few females in the predominantly Filipino male population in racially segregated America, which had anti-miscegenation laws, she confides that she has many suitors of men in their 20s.
She wrote: ‘Gosh, and I am only 12 years old—and already somebody is telling me about love’ (p. 45). I was surprised to read Angela discovers her mother had a lover, although this attests to women’s power because they are a minority. But I was horrified to read Angela’s very detailed account of the domestic violence her father inflicts on her mother when he catches the lovers.
Angeles Monrayo (1912-2000) began her diary on January 10, 1924, a few months before she and her father and older brother moved from a sugar plantation in Waipahu to Pablo Manlapit's strike camp in Honolulu. Here for the first time is a young Filipino girl's view of life in Hawai'i and central California in the first decades of the twentieth century - a significant and often turbulent period for immigrant and migrant labor in both settings. Angeles' vivid, simple language takes us into the heart of an early Filipino family as its members come to terms with poverty and racism…
This is an autobiography of Peter Jamero, who is a second generation Filipino American capturing what life was like growing up in a Filipino American farmworkers camp in California in the 1940s.
I was particularly struck by his comment “before I went to school my world consisted of Filipinos. Everyone else was a foreigner “ (p. 19) since he did not speak English until he went to grade school. I was moved when he said: “I looked at my image in the mirror and tried to wash my brown color away. But no matter how hard I scrubbed, the color was still there.” (p. 91).
He joins the US Navy and the Civil Rights Movement. I interviewed him in 2012, and he passed away in 2024 at the age of 94.
"I may have been like other boys, but there was a major difference -- my family included 80 to 100 single young men residing in a Filipino farm-labor camp. It was as a 'campo' boy that I first learned of my ancestral roots and the sometimes tortuous path that Filipinos took in sailing halfway around the world to the promise that was America. It was as a campo boy that I first learned the values of family, community, hard work, and education. As a campo boy, I also began to see the two faces of America, a place where Filipinos…
The standing men are the Filipino undocumented migrants to Japan who work as construction workers on a day-to-day basis. They stand on the Kotobuki sidewalk hoping to get selected by a sacho to get a job for the day.
The book is an in-depth look at their lives—how the men who are considered the underclass in the host country struggle, find love (some of them have second families in Japan), experience leisure, and fulfill masculine ideals of breadwinner in a foreign country.
It is a rare glimpse at the life of an undocumented migrant. This book can be read with Rey Ventura’s Underground in Japan (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1992).
We all dream of a better future and of a better relationship. We all dream of a better family and of a better life. But how do we go about realizing these dreams? Is the degree of our dreams directly proportional to the degree of sacrifice required to achieve them? When physical separation from the husband, and separation from an only child is demanded of us, is it still worth pursuing that dream? Is not the nearness of a husband, the nearness of a son, the nearness of our family, the nearness of loved ones - a most wonderful dream?…
This book is a collection of many life stories of Filipino migrant domestic workers, mostly in Singapore. Since the authors of the accounts use pseudonyms, they are all insightful revelations of how these women cope with the issues of loneliness and separation from families.
The most interesting revelation is that some of these women have affairs (which they call ‘one day stands’ since they only have a day off and not the whole 24 hours) with South Asian men. I was surprised by this radical act—radical because Filipino constructions of the feminine idealise the ‘chaste wife’, and while men’s infidelity is tolerated in the homeland, women’s infidelity is not.
Finally, the book also testifies to these migrants’ strength, hard work, courage, and survival skills.
Philippines is the world’s biggest exporter of labour - both male and female – and their remittances have helped to keep afloat the Philippines economy for the past three decades. In the first 11 months of 2009 remittances from 9 million Filipinos working abroad amounted to USD 15.8 billion, making it the biggest foreign exchange earner for the country. Successive Filipino leaders have praised the Overseas Filipino Workers - or the OFWs as they are popularly known - as modern day heroes of the nations. Yet exploitation of OFWs by unscrupulous employment agencies at home and abroad; and by ruthless…
My book introduces a new way to think about Filipino migrants: instead of the usual depiction of them as disenfranchised laborers, the book suggests that they are agents of change—they have altered the family, they have altered views about women and sexuality, as consumers they had an enormous impact on the businesses they patronized, as activists they have altered the laws in the host countries, and as philanthropists, they have helped the poor and marginalized in the homeland.
Using the stories produced by migrants themselves (the ‘migrant archives’), over 75 interviews, and ethnography, the book tells the migrant’s story as a heroic narrative of struggle and triumph. It also documents how migrants have refused to remain marginal and have forever changed the status quo.
