The best books that explain the life and treason of Benedict Arnold

I like Jack Kelly’s book because he does a masterful job recounting Benedict Arnold’s military career before his treason, when he was admired for strategic daring and tactical genius as a hard-charging American warrior. Arnold wasn’t a run-of-the-mill traitor; indeed, early during the Revolution, some thought Washington and Arnold would emerge together as the war’s two great leaders. That’s why Arnold’s betrayal knocked Americans for a loop: he was a battlefield hero who turned traitor.

From Fort Ticonderoga, to Quebec, to Saratoga (and battles in between), Jack Kelly focuses on Arnold’s heroic achievements and sets the stage for understanding the shock and dismay that, as one soldier put it at the time, “a man so high on the list of fame should be as guilty as Arnold.”

Of all the books about Arnold I’ve read, this might be my favorite. Eric Lehman primarily focuses on what comes after Arnold sides with the British.

Arnold is not satisfied with defecting and lying low. Instead, he leads massive raids against the Americans—his former brothers-in-arms—in Richmond, Virginia, and New London, Connecticut. This latter attack—and the focus of Lehman’s book—is particularly brutal since New London is just 11 miles downriver from Arnold’s hometown of Norwich.

Arnold knew the people of New London, yet he arrived by sea to burn the city and terrorize the population. This book is loaded with historical detail, but Eric Lehman is a brilliant storyteller, and it is hard to put down. 

When I want to dig deeply into the details of Arnold’s life—from his birth in Norwich in 1741 and the troubled circumstances of his childhood, through to his long and uncertain convalescence in the Albany military hospital following his grave wounding at Saratoga—I invariably open James Kirby Martin’s biography.

The most intriguing question about Arnold is: Why did he betray his countrymen? There is no clear answer; he never offered a compelling explanation. The challenge, then, is to get inside Arnold’s head. That’s not easy, of course, but the detailed examination that Martin provides of Arnold’s life before his treason gives us notable insights to Arnold’s angels and demons.

Nathaniel Philbrick is one of our most talented historical storytellers. I admire this book because of the sophisticated narrative he crafts, exploring the tensions of the Revolution through the relationship between George Washington and Benedict Arnold.

Washington was a central player in Arnold’s military life. He recognized the value of his spirited general and sought to protect his reputation against political rivalries. And yet, had Arnold’s treason at West Point succeeded, it is possible that Washington himself might have been captured there by the British. Philbrick demonstrates how, paradoxically, as the public’s commitment to the war began to waver, Arnold’s betrayal may have reignited the rage militaire—the passion for arms—that carried the Americans to victory. It’s a compelling argument and a heck of a good story.

I love a good spy story, and there are lots of them in this book—all focused on the cabal of spies in British-occupied New York that delivered intelligence to Washington. Here are Hercules Mulligan, the tailor; James Rivington, the printer; the ill-fated Nathan Hale; and a bounty of others.

But my favorite is John Champe, a sergeant-major from Virginia who is recruited for a mission to capture Benedict Arnold and deliver him to the Continental Army for trial (and the inevitable gallows). Rose reveals the intrigue and deception of Revolutionary New York, into which Arnold fled after his treason, and the characters who carried it out.